Notes - Hirohito's War

   
Chapter 1 - Empires in Conflict
Chapter 2 - Ultra-nationalism and the Death of Democracy
Chapter 3 - Japan versus China: From Phoney War to Total War
Chapter 4 - Mobilization for War in Asia: America and Japan
Chapter 5 - Pearl Harbor: Yamamoto’s Great Mistake
Chapter 6 - Plan ORANGE and MacArthur’s Philippines Debacle
Chapter 7 - Invasion of Malaya: Yamashita’s ‘Bicycle Blitzkrieg’
Chapter 8 - Fall of Singapore: Churchill’s Sacrificial Pawn
Chapter 9 - Burma Corps: Humiliation Then a Fighting Retreat
Chapter 10 - Dutch East Indies and Japan’s Quest for Oil
Chapter 11 - Limits of Empire: Doolittle and New Military Strategies
Chapter 12 - Battle of the Coral Sea: The First Carrier ‘Shoot-Out’
Chapter 13 - Battle of Midway: Nimitz’s Lucky Day
Chapter 14 - Battles of the Kokoda Trail: Aussies Triumphant
Chapter 15 - Guadalcanal: Battles of Tulagi, Savo Island, Tenaru and East Solomons
Chapter 16 - Guadalcanal: Battle of Edson’s (Bloody) Ridge
Chapter 17 - Guadalcanal: Henderson Field and the Santa Cruz Islands
Chapter 18 - Battles of Buna-Gona-Sanananda: MacArthur’s Lies and Neglect
Chapter 19 - Guadalcanal: Battle of Tassafaronga and Final Reckonings
Chapter 20 - Battle of the Bismarck Sea: Tipping Point of US Air Supremacy
Chapter 21 - Yamamoto Assassinated and the Battle of New Georgia
Chapter 22 - The Huon Peninsula: Operation CARTWHEEL Completed
Chapter 23 - The Isolation of Rabaul and the Starvation of Bougainville
Chapter 24 - The Battles of Arakan, Imphal, and Kohima: Slim Boxes Clever
Chapter 25 - The ICHI-GO Campaign and the Battle of Myitkyina
Chapter 26 - Battle for China: FDR, Chiang, Mao, and ‘Vinegar Joe’
Chapter 27 - Jump to Hollandia: MacArthur’s Greatest Victory
Chapter 28 - Pacific Island Hop: The Gilberts, Marshalls, and Carolines
Chapter 29 - The Great Marianas ‘Turkey Shoot’
Chapter 30 - The Invasions of Saipan, Tinian, and Guam: General Tojo Upended
Chapter 31 - The Battle of Leyte Gulf: ‘Bull’ Halsey’s Mad Dash for Glory
Chapter 32 - “I Have Returned”: MacArthur Regains the Philippines
Chapter 33 - The Battle of the Irrawaddy River: Slim’s ‘Mandalay Feint’
Chapter 34 - Iwo Jima: The Iconic Battle of the Pacific War
Chapter 35 - The Battle of Okinawa: Slaughter of the Innocents
Chapter 36 - LeMay’s B-29 Superfortresses over Japan: Cities in Ashes
Chapter 37 - Potsdam, Hirohito, and the Atom Bomb
APPENDIX A - SUBMARINES: THE UNDERSEA WAR
APPENDIX B - RAW MATERIALS AND LOGISTICS
APPENDIX C - ECONOMICS OF THE PACIFIC WAR
APPENDIX D - THE JAPANESE EMPIRE – FROM CO-PROSPERITY TO TYRANNY
APPENDIX E - TYPHOONS AND DIVINE WINDS: KAMIKAZE
APPENDIX K - THE BATTLE OF HONG KONG
APPENDIX L - THE BATTLES OF ATTU AND KISKA
APPENDIX N - THE ROLE OF OIL IN THE PACIFIC WAR
APPENDIX O - JAPANESE–SOVIET CONFLICT IN SIBERIA, MONGOLIA AND MANCHURIA

CHAPTER 8 – FALL OF SINGAPORE: CHURCHILL’S SACRIFICE

1         Kirby, Woodburn S., Singapore, The Chain of Disaster (Macmillan, London, 1971) p.184

2         Ibid., p.219

3         Shores, Christopher F., Brian Cull and Izawa Yasuho, Bloody Shambles: The Complete Account of the Air War in the Far East, from the Defence of Sumatra to the Fall of Burma, 1942 (Grub Street, 1993) p.23

4        Costello, John, The Pacific War, 1941-1945 (Harper Perennial, New York, 2009) p.234

5        Shennan, Margaret, Out in the Midday Sun, The British in Malaysia, 1880-1960 (John Murray, London, 2000) p.244

6        Thompson, Peter, The Battle for Singapore, The True Story of the Greatest Catastrophe of World War II (Piatkus Books, London, 2004) p.335-6

7        Shennan, Out in the Midday Sun, p.246

8        Shores, Cull and Izawa, Bloody Shambles, p.321

9        Ibid., p.322

10      Tsuji, Masanobu and Margaret E. Lake, tr., Japan’s Greatest Victory, Britain’s Worst Defeat (Da Capo Press, New York, 1997) p.236

11      Thompson, The Battle for Singapore, p.389

12      Shores, Cull and Izawa, Bloody Shambles, p.298

13       Ibid., p.291

14       Ibid., p.293

15       Cull, Brian, and Paul Sortehaug, Hurricanes Over Singapore: RAF, RNZAF and NEI Fighters in Action Against the Japanese Over the Island and the Netherlands East Indies, 1942 (Grub Street, London, 2004) p.108

16       Shores, Cull and Izawa, Bloody Shambles, p.311

17       Ibid., p.350

18       Ibid., p.362

19       Ibid., p.362

20       Cull and Sortehaug, Hurricanes Over Singapore, p.185

21       Ibid., p.185

22       Shores and Cull, and Izawa, Bloody Shambles, p.363

23       Tsuji, Masanobu and Lake, Japan’s Greatest Victory, p.238

24       Ibid., p.240

25       Thompson, The Battle for Singapore, p.418

26       Ibid., p.418

27       Costello, The Pacific War, p.237

28       Ibid., p.241

29       Thompson, The Battle for Singapore, p.428

30       Churchill, Winston, Hinge of Fate, The Second World War (Cassell, London, 1950) p.82

31       Shores and Cull and Izawa, Bloody Shambles, p.364

32       Churchill, Winston, The Hinge of Fate, p.88

33       Shores, Cull and Izawa, Bloody Shambles, p.377

34       Toland, John, Rising Sun, p.275

35       Tsuji, Masanobu and Lake, Japan’s Greatest Victory, p.252

36       Thompson, The Battle for Singapore, p.471

37       Ibid., p.471

38       Smith, Colin, Singapore Burning, Heroism and Surrender in World War II (Viking, London, 2005) p.540

39       Thompson, The Battle for Singapore, p.508

40       Kitching, Thomas, Life and Death in Chiangi: The War and Internment Diary of Thomas Kitching, 1942 – 1944 (Landmark Books Pte., Singapore, 2014) p.34

41       Tsuji, Masanobu, H.V. Howe, Singapore, 1941 – 1942 (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1988) p.280

42       Tsuji, Masanobu and Lake, Japan’s Greatest Victory, p.270

43       Ibid., p.269

44       Ibid., p.270

45       Shores, Cull and Izawa, Bloody Shambles, p.383

46       Tsuji, Masanobu, Singapore 1941 -1942, The Japanese Version of the Malayan Campaign of World War II (Oxford University Press, Australia and New Zealand, 1988) p.xviii

47       Shores, Cull and Izawa, Bloody Shambles, p.385

48       Toland, Rising Sun, p.277

49       Ibid., p.277

50       Ibid., p.277

51       Hoyt, Edwin Palmer, The Last Kamikaze: The Story of Admiral Matome Ugaki (Praeger Publishers Inc., Westport, Connecticut, 1993) p.47

52       Ibid., p.47

53       Ham, Paul, Kokoda (Bolinda Publishing, Australia, 2012) p.87

54       Lawrie, Tom, Australian Geographic, 15 Feb. 2012

55       Ham, Paul, Kokoda, p.87

56      Ibid., p.83

57      Shennan, Out in the Midday Sun, p.258

58      Ibid., p.263

59      Barnett, Correlli, Engage the Enemy More Closely: The Royal Navy in the Second World   War (Penguin Books Ltd., New Edition, 2000) p.389

60      Thompson, The Battle for Singapore, p.505

61      Tsuji, Singapore, p.13

62      Ibid., p.24