Notes - Hirohito's War

   
Chapter 1 - Empires in Conflict
Chapter 2 - Ultra-nationalism and the Death of Democracy
Chapter 3 - Japan versus China: From Phoney War to Total War
Chapter 4 - Mobilization for War in Asia: America and Japan
Chapter 5 - Pearl Harbor: Yamamoto’s Great Mistake
Chapter 6 - Plan ORANGE and MacArthur’s Philippines Debacle
Chapter 7 - Invasion of Malaya: Yamashita’s ‘Bicycle Blitzkrieg’
Chapter 8 - Fall of Singapore: Churchill’s Sacrificial Pawn
Chapter 9 - Burma Corps: Humiliation Then a Fighting Retreat
Chapter 10 - Dutch East Indies and Japan’s Quest for Oil
Chapter 11 - Limits of Empire: Doolittle and New Military Strategies
Chapter 12 - Battle of the Coral Sea: The First Carrier ‘Shoot-Out’
Chapter 13 - Battle of Midway: Nimitz’s Lucky Day
Chapter 14 - Battles of the Kokoda Trail: Aussies Triumphant
Chapter 15 - Guadalcanal: Battles of Tulagi, Savo Island, Tenaru and East Solomons
Chapter 16 - Guadalcanal: Battle of Edson’s (Bloody) Ridge
Chapter 17 - Guadalcanal: Henderson Field and the Santa Cruz Islands
Chapter 18 - Battles of Buna-Gona-Sanananda: MacArthur’s Lies and Neglect
Chapter 19 - Guadalcanal: Battle of Tassafaronga and Final Reckonings
Chapter 20 - Battle of the Bismarck Sea: Tipping Point of US Air Supremacy
Chapter 21 - Yamamoto Assassinated and the Battle of New Georgia
Chapter 22 - The Huon Peninsula: Operation CARTWHEEL Completed
Chapter 23 - The Isolation of Rabaul and the Starvation of Bougainville
Chapter 24 - The Battles of Arakan, Imphal, and Kohima: Slim Boxes Clever
Chapter 25 - The ICHI-GO Campaign and the Battle of Myitkyina
Chapter 26 - Battle for China: FDR, Chiang, Mao, and ‘Vinegar Joe’
Chapter 27 - Jump to Hollandia: MacArthur’s Greatest Victory
Chapter 28 - Pacific Island Hop: The Gilberts, Marshalls, and Carolines
Chapter 29 - The Great Marianas ‘Turkey Shoot’
Chapter 30 - The Invasions of Saipan, Tinian, and Guam: General Tojo Upended
Chapter 31 - The Battle of Leyte Gulf: ‘Bull’ Halsey’s Mad Dash for Glory
Chapter 32 - “I Have Returned”: MacArthur Regains the Philippines
Chapter 33 - The Battle of the Irrawaddy River: Slim’s ‘Mandalay Feint’
Chapter 34 - Iwo Jima: The Iconic Battle of the Pacific War
Chapter 35 - The Battle of Okinawa: Slaughter of the Innocents
Chapter 36 - LeMay’s B-29 Superfortresses over Japan: Cities in Ashes
Chapter 37 - Potsdam, Hirohito, and the Atom Bomb
APPENDIX A - SUBMARINES: THE UNDERSEA WAR
APPENDIX B - RAW MATERIALS AND LOGISTICS
APPENDIX C - ECONOMICS OF THE PACIFIC WAR
APPENDIX D - THE JAPANESE EMPIRE – FROM CO-PROSPERITY TO TYRANNY
APPENDIX E - TYPHOONS AND DIVINE WINDS: KAMIKAZE
APPENDIX K - THE BATTLE OF HONG KONG
APPENDIX L - THE BATTLES OF ATTU AND KISKA
APPENDIX N - THE ROLE OF OIL IN THE PACIFIC WAR
APPENDIX O - JAPANESE–SOVIET CONFLICT IN SIBERIA, MONGOLIA AND MANCHURIA

CHAPTER 11 – LIMITS OF EMPIRE

1          Prange, Gordon, At Dawn We Slept (Penguin, New York, 1981) p.7

2         Thompson, Peter, Pacific Fury (William Heinemann, Australia, 2008) p.297

3         Wakabayashi, Bob Tadashi, Emperor Hirohito on Localized Aggression in China: www.chinajapan.org p.17

4         Ibid., p.17

5         Costello, John, The Pacific War, 1941-1945 (Harper Perennial, New York, 2009) p.219

6         Millot, Bernard, Battle of the Coral Sea (Littlehampton Book Services Ltd., 1974) p.20

7         Ibid., p.20

8         Ham, Paul, Kokoda (Bolinda Publishing 2012) p.12

9         Costello, John, The Pacific War, 1941-1945, p.220

10       Leckie, Robert, Challenge for the Pacific: The Bloody Six Month Battle of Guadalcanal (Da Capo Press, 1999) p.24

11       Costello, The Pacific War, p.220

12       Toll, Ian W., Pacific Crucible, War at Sea in the Pacific 1941-1943 (W.W.Norton & Co., New York, 2012) p.179

13       Leckie, Challenge for the Pacific, p.5

14       Thompson, Pacific Fury, p.298

15       Ibid., p.298

16       Ibid., p.299

17       Ibid., p.38

18       Costello, The Pacific War, p.225-6

19       Toll, Pacific Crucible, p.196

20       Tuchman, Barbara, Stilwell and the American Experience in China, 1911–45 (New York, New York: Macmillan Co., 1971) p.245

21       Ibid., p.245

22       Ibid., p.245

23       Ford, Daniel, Flying Tigers, Claire Chennault and his American Volunteers 1941-1942 (Harper Collins, 2010) p.43

24       His-shang Chi, The Much Troubled Alliance, US - China Military Cooperation During the Pacific War, 1941 - 1945 (World Scientific Publishing, Singapore, 2016) p.105

25       War Cabinet Minutes, No.194 (40), Friday 5th July, 1940, p.42

26       Ibid., p.42

27       Tuchman, Stilwell, p.244

28       Danchev, Alex and Daniel Todman, eds., Alanbrooke, Field Marshal Lord, War Diaries 1939 – 1945 (Phoenix, London, 2002) p.222

29       Tuchman, Stilwell, p.247

30       Septer, Dirk, 757 Flights Across the ‘Hump’: www.ruudleeuw.com

31       Ibid.

32       Ibid.

33       www.himalayanclub.org

34       Stilwell, General Joseph, W. and Theodore White, ed., The Stilwell Papers (William Sloane Associates, New York, 1971) p.119

35       Tuchman, Stilwell, p.375

36       www.ww2f.com/topic/41072-hump-pilots-hold-last-reunion/

37       Taylor, Jay, Generalissimo, Chiang Kai-shek and the Struggle for Modern China (The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2009) p.233

38       Straelen, Henricus Johannes Josephus Maria, New Diplomacy in the Far East (University of California, 2007) p.27

39       George J.Laben, George, J., Experiencing War: Stories from the Veterans History Project (Veterans History Project (LIbrary of Congress): George J.Laben collection)

40       Septer, Dirk, 757 Flights Across the ‘Hump’: www.ruudleeuw.com

41       US Strategic Bombing Survey (USSBS): www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/243.html#top

42       Septer, Dirk, 757 Flights Across the ‘Hump’: www.ruudleeuw.com

43       Astor, Gerald, The Jungle War, Mavericks, Marauders, and Madmen (John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, 2004) p.147

44       Ibid., p.147

45       Ibid., p.147

46       Moran, Miriam G., The Life Story of Grace Liddell Cox, Missionary in China (Lulu Press Inc., 2015) p.228

47       Hunt, E. Howard, American Spy, My Secret History in the CIA, Watergate & Beyond (John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, New Jersey, 2007) p.23

48       Slim, William, Defeat into Victory (Pan Macmillan, London, 2012) p.164

49       Tuchman, Stilwell, p.339

50       Life Magazine, 4th August, 1944

51       Slim, Defeat into Victory, p.284

52       Ibid., p.285

53       Ibid., p.285

54       Annett, Roger, Drop Zone Burma: Adventures in Allied Air Supply 1943 – 1945 (Pen & Sword, 2008) p.203

55       Fellowes-Gordon, Ian, The Magic War: The Battle for North Burma (Scribner, 1971) p.38

56       Ziegler, Philip, Personal Diary of Admiral Lord Louis Mountbatten 1943 – 6 (Collins; First Edition, 1988) p.242

57       Buell, Thomas B., Master of Seapower: A Biography of Fleet Admiral Ernest J. King (Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, 2012) p.153

58       Ibid., p.154

59       Ibid., p.154

60       Ibid., p.156

61       Perry, Mark, The Most Dangerous Man in Japan, The Making of Douglas MacArthur (Basic Books 2014) p.103

62       Toll, Pacific Crucible, p.166

63       Costello, The Pacific War, p.223

64       Potter, E.B., Nimitz (Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, 1976) p.13

65       Borneman, Walter R., The Admirals, Nimitz, Halsey, Leahy, and King, The Five Star Admirals Who won the War at Sea (Little, Brown and Company, New York, 2012) p.224

66       Ibid., p.213

67       Potter, E.B., Nimitz, p.62

68       Ibid., p.34

69       Ibid., p.41

70       Wukovits, John, Admiral ‘Bull’ Halsey, The Life and Wars of the Navy’s most Controversial Commander (Palgrave Macmillan, New York, 2010) p.2

71       Ibid., p.2

72       Drury, Bob and Tom Clavin, Halsey’s Typhoon, The True Story of a Fighting Admiral, An Epic Storm and an Untold Rescue (Atlantic Monthly, 2007) p.5

73       Wukovits, Admiral ‘Bull’ Halsey, p.28

74       Ibid., p.29

75       Ibid., p.31

76       Ibid., p.34

77       Ibid., p.34

78       Ibid., p.34

79       Ibid., p.34

80       Ibid., p.34

81       Ibid., p.35

82       Ibid., p.35

83       Ibid., p.35

84       Ibid., p.39

85       Drury and Clavin, Halsey’s Typhoon, p.13

86       Wukovits, Admiral ‘Bull’ Halsey, p.xiii

87       Ibid., p.172

88       Ibid., p.176

89       Ibid., p.176

90       Borneman, The Admirals, p.245

91       Wukovits, Admiral ‘Bull’ Halsey, p.65

92       Chun, Clayton K.S, The Doolittle Raid: America’s first strike back at Japan (Osprey Publishing, Oxford, 2006) p.30

93       Ibid., p.30

94       Wukovits, Admiral ‘Bull’ Halsey, p.73

95       Ibid., p.73

96       Chun, The Doolittle Raid, p.37

97       Ibid., p.41

98       Ibid., p.45

99       Ibid., p.45

100     Ibid., p.53

102     Ibid., p.75

103     Wukovits, Admiral ‘Bull’ Halsey, p.76

104     Chun, The Doolitttle Raid, p.63

105     Ibid., p.83

106     Ibid., p.84

107     Wukovits, Admiral ‘Bull’ Halsey, p.78

108     Ibid., p.78

109     Ibid., p.79

110     Wukovits, Admiral ‘Bull’ Halsey, p.79

111     Millot, Bernard, Battle of the Coral Sea (Littlehampton Books Services Ltd., 1974) p.28